Unit Test 2

1.  Which of the following is an example of the Progressive movement’s attempt to improve democratic government by weakening the power of city bosses?

1. Hepburn Act.
2. Upton Sinclair’s “The Jungle.” (1906).
3. “Scientific Management.”
4. Prohibition.
5. Hull House.

2.  Which of the following statements regarding the aftermath of the Treaty of Versailles is true?

1. The annexation of the Philippines was an example of Wilson’s message of self-determination embodied in his Fourteen Points.
2. It established the United Nations which embodied the spirit of a new international order.
3. Ho Chi Minh, a Vietnamese patriot denounced communism after being granted greater rights within the French empire.
4. President Wilson is responsible for the rise of a new anti-western nationalism.
5. The central powers divided Ottoman territories into a series of new territories which included Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, and Palestine.

3.  How can we best understand the 1920s campaign slogan “return to normalcy?”

1. Normalcy in the 1920s meant embracing internationalism and abandoning the previous decades belief in isolationism.
2. As a promise of higher corporate taxes on personal incomes and business profits.
3. Normalcy in the 1920s meant a return to progressive policies after a long era of conservatism.
4. As a promise of integrity and hopeful prosperity contradicted by an era of corruption in government.
5. As a promise that the Republican Party would rid government of special interest and lobbyists.

4.  How did New Nationalism differ strongly from New Freedom?

1. It encouraged small businesses and economic competition without the interference of government regulation.
2. It encouraged nationalism and opposed freedom.
3. It believed the government should strengthen anti-trust laws to protect workers rights to unionize.
4. It believed that strong government control was the precondition of liberty.
5. It argued that government control of key industries would weaken economic competition.

5. Which of the following statements best describes the incident that prompted the United States to enter into WWI?

1. A Serbian nationalist assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the throne of the Austro-Hungarian empire in Sarajevo, Bosnia.
2. After President Wilson’s reelection in 1916, Germany goes back on its promise not to engage in submarine warfare against non-combatants and several merchant vessels are sunk.
3. A German submarine sank the British liner Lusitania causing the death of 1198 passengers, including 124 Americans.
4. The resignation of Secretary of State, William Jennings Bryan, a pacifist, prompts Wilson to ask Congress for a declaration of war.
5. Germany called upon Mexico to join in a coming war with the U. S. with a promise to recover territory lost in the Mexican War.

6.  The Scopes trial in 1925:

1. was highlighted by a strong defense of a literal interpretation of the Bible by expert witness William Jennings Bryan.
2. involved John Scopes a public school teacher in Tennessee who was arrested for teaching creationism.
3. confirmed the underlying tension between traditional values and modern secular culture.
4. raised questions among Americans in the value of teaching religion in public schools.
5. demonstrated how science had no place in public education during the 1920s.

7.  In the debate between political liberty versus industrial slavery for workers, one “expert” proposed the concept of “scientific management” in which workers were given the freedom to govern themselves.

1. True
2. False

8.  Which statement best describes the reaction of most Americans to the Red Scare and the Palmer Raids?

1. The bombing of Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer’s home outraged Americans as high-ranking public officials were under attack by radical communist groups.
2. Palmer was under fire from most Americans and Congress for failing to make good on his promise to expose radicals by making fewer than a dozen arrests.
3. For most Americans the Palmer Raids planted the seeds for a new appreciation of the importance of civil liberties that would begin to flourish during the 1920s.
4. The Palmer’s raids on offices of radical and labor organizations demonstrated the American people’s vigilance to expose communists.
5. The Red Scare strengthened Americans support of radical labor unions and political parties like the IWW and the Socialist Party.

9.  Which of the following was Not a reason for the “Roaring Twenties” and the decade of prosperity?

1. New industries such as chemicals, aviation, and electronics enhance the economy.
2. The dollar replaces the British pound.
3. Consumer credit becomes a practice of so many Americans.
4. America was investing overseas more than any other country.
5. Older industries triple production by adopting the assembly line.

10.   Which of the following helped establish primary elections for nomination and not nominations by city bosses?

1. Robert M. La Follette
2. Hazen Pingree
3. Hiram Johnson
4. Jane Addams

11.   The prime objective for W.E.B. Du Boise and the NAACP was the enforcement of the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments.

1. True
2. False

12.  Which of the following best represents the notion of personal freedom for women in the decade of the 1920s?

1. The passage of the Nineteenth Amendment.
2. Employment opportunities in clerical jobs.
3. Alice Paul and the National Women’s Party.
4. Public smoking, drinking, and birth control.
5. The Equal Rights Amendment.

13.  Which Progressive president persuaded the Supreme Court to declare Standard Oil in violation of the Sherman Antitrust Act?

1. Warren G. Harding.
2. William H. Taft.
3. Grover Cleveland.
4. Theodore Roosevelt.
5. Woodrow Wilson.

14.  Protestants who sought to integrate science and religion where known as:

1. Secularists.
2. Evangelicals.
3. Darwinists.
4. Fundamentalists.
5. Modernists.

15.   What was the issue that workers grappled with in Lawrence, Massachusetts in 1912, and how were they negatively impacted? What tactic did these workers employ in their effort to organize a strike? What influential group came to the aid of these workers and what radical ideas did this group advance? Finally, discuss how the incident was resolved in Massachusetts and what prompted public support for their cause?

16.   Briefly discuss the meaning of “Americanization” on the eve of WWI. How did science and race play a role in determining this notion? Discuss how one ethnic group was particularly targeted in terms of its culture and why? Finally, compare the notion of the “Melting Pot” theory to the notion of a “Trans-National America.” How do these theories differ in terms of their stated goals?

17.  Briefly discuss the politics of feminism versus personal freedom for the women of the 1920s? How did politics influence this debate (discuss this)? How was women’s freedom debated? And how did some women express their personal freedom in the 1920?

18.  Why was Harlem considered the capitol of black America in the 1920s, and how did blacks of the West Indies experience it differently? Why did some white Americans experience Harlem differently than the blacks who lived there? Finally, what was the Harlem Renaissance, and what did Alain Locke mean when he coined the term “New Negro?”