Question 1

Watson is considered the founder of

1. functionalism
2. gestalt psychology
3. humanism
4. behaviorism

 

Question 2

Watson reclassified learning two ways: learned and unlearned and ______&______

1. explicit & implicit
2. conditioned & unconditioned
3. biological & psychological
4. animal & human

 

Question 3

According to Watson, instincts ______.

1. are socially conditioned responses
2. do not exist
3. are hardwired at birth
4. evolve biologically

 

Question 4

In Gestalt Psychology, which of the following is most important?

1. individual sensations
2. individual differences in perception
3. the whole or form
4. instincts

 

 

Question 5

Mach discussed ______&______ and this influenced the Gestalt Psychologists

1. form & organization
2. unitary & non-unitary experiences
3. space forms & time forms
4. all of the above

 

Question 6

Ivan Pavlov did work in the area(s) of ________

1. associationlsm
2. digestion
3. conditioning
4. all of the above

 

Question 7

The Gestalt Psychologists believed you _______  analyze consciousness into its elements

1. must
2. could
3. should not
4. should

 

Question 8

You have a guinea pig that squeals whenever it smells food. You open a squeaky cabinet door.  open the food, the guinea pig smells the food, and squeals. After this happens a few times, the guinea pig now squeals whenever you open a squeaky cabinet door. In this example, what is the unconditioned stimulus?

1. the smell of food
2. the sound of the cabinet door
3. squealing to the smell of the food
4. squealing to the sound of the cabinet door

 

Question 9

You have a guinea pig that squeals whenever it smells food. You open a squeaky cabinet door.  open the food, the guinea pig smells the food, and squeals. After this happens a few times, the guinea pig now squeals whenever you open a squeaky cabinet door. In this example. what is the conditioned stimulus?

1. the smell of food
2. the sound of the cabinet door
3. squealing to the smell of the food
4. squealing to the sound of the cabinet door

 

Question 10

_________developed the notion of a threshold between the conscious and the unconscious that was so Important in Freudian theory.

1. Spencer
2. Leibnitz
3. St. Thomas Aquinas
4. Herbart

 

Question 11

Galton shows a clear use of evolutionary theory in his work on

1. hereditary genius
2. natural selection
3. consciousness
4. none of the above

 

 

Question 12

Which of the following correctly illustrates the Law of Effect?

1. an act which produces satisfaction being more likely to recur
2. an act which produces dissatisfaction being less likely to recur
3. an act which produces a comforting outcome being more likely to be repeated
4. all of the above correctly illustrate the Law of Effect

 

Question 13

Emotions, to Watson, are _______

1. learned
2. non-existent
3. bodily responses
4. complex and individual

 

Question 14

According to Skinner, _____ is(are) necessary for learning to take place.

1. strong stimuli
2. reinforcement
3. strong responses
4. motivation

 

Question 15

Watson might describe behavior as

1. objective
2. instinctual
3. conscious or unconscious
4. mechanical

 

 

Question 16

Kohlberg’s theory of Moral Development could be considered to be based on ______ theory

1. behavioral
2. gestalt
3. humanistic
4. evolution

 

Question 17

This person studied development of the self as groundwork for humanism.

1. James
2. Freud
3. Mead
4. sRogers

 

Question 18

According to Pavlov, reflexes are ________.

1. conditioned
2. unlearned
3. habitual
4. unnecessary

 

Question 19

It is clear that Freud’s theory was influenced by________’s theory of Monads

1. Leibnitz
2. Lewin
3. Jung
4. St. Augustine

 

 

Question 20

According to Pavlov and Watson, learning (conditioning) is all about __________

1. reinforcement or punishment
2. instincts
3. biological preparedness
4. associations

 

Question 21

A Monad is defined as

1. a level of consciousness
2. a point of force
3. a closed-energy system
4. none of the above

 

Question 22

The Humanists believed that the emphasis of study should be ______

1. the whole person
2. unconscious forces
3. development of self
4. existential crises

 

Question 23

The basis of all the Gestalt grouping principles is _______

1. simplicity
2. similarity
3. proximity
4. figure/ground

 

 

Question 24

If Freud stressed Determinism, the Humanistic Psychologists stressed_______

1. freewill
2. fate
3. destiny
4. needs

 

Question 25

The main principle of the Gestalt theory was _______

1. image
2. pragnanz
3. kulpe
4. sensation

 

Question 26

Which thinker is most closely associated with the concept of Law of Effect

1. Thorndike
2. Watson
3. Skinner
4. Pavlov

 

Question 27

_______first proposed the idea of an unconscious

1. Breuer
2. Leibnltz
3. Schopenhauer
4. Herbart

 

 

Question 28

Gestalt Psychology was a reaction against _______

1. psychoanalyss
2. structuralism
3. behaviorism
4. the study of consciousness

 

Question 29

Who first suggested a potential conflict between consciousness and unconsciousness?

1. Freud
2. Herbait
3. Darwin
4. Spinoza

 

Question 30

Watson wanted Psychology to be _______

1. empirical
2. mechanical
3. stimulus-response only
4. all of the above

 

Question 31

Unconditioned responses are _______

1. unlearned
2. automatic
3. usually biological in nature
4. all of the above

 

 

Question 32

Which of the following areas of study in psychology could be considered to have been influenced by Darwin’s theory of evolution?

1. structuralism
2. British empiricism
3. developmental psychology
4. all of the above

 

Question 33

According to Rogers, the Actualizing Tendency has 4 characteristics. Which of the following is NOT one them?

1. organismic
2. active
3. directional
4. general

 

Question 34

Humanistic Psychology and _______ are closely related.

1. psychoanalysis
2. existential psychology
3. theories of unconsciousness
4. all of the above

 

Question 35

Watson believed that animals _______

1. could be studied but were significantly different than humans in terms of learning theory
2. should not be studied unless humans could not be studied
3. were different enough from humans to warrant their own studies
4. none of the above

 

Question 36

Which of the following terms would Watson NOT use?

1. learning
2. reinforcement
3. habit
4. conditioning

 

Question 37

Law of Effect can be most closely matched with ______

1. stimulus-response learning
2. Pavlovian conditioning pcocesses
3. law of use or disuse
4. all of the above

 

Question 38

The Gestalt psychologists had 4 main principles. Which of the following is NOT one of these?

1. we perceive objects as unified “whole”
2. the brain is a dynamic system in which all elements active at a given time interact
3. the principles of organization are laws by which our perceptual world is organized
4. these organizing factors depend on the higher mental processes of the individual

 

 

 

Question 39

Which of the following is the BEST answer? Choose “C”

1. not this one
2. nope
3. you got it
4. try again

 

Question 40

“GestaIt” means

1. Sensory input
2. whoIe or form
3. physiological processing
4. focused representation

 

Question  41

 

Variation that could result in naturalselection                   ______________

evolutionary change                                                         _______________

normal curve                                                                    _________________

threshold in consciousness                                             ________________

conditioned reflex                                                            _________________

Thorndlke                                                                      _________________

full of meaning                                                            __________________

biological aspect of personality                                  _________________

learned component of personality                                ___________________

person-centered approach                                           ______________________