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Discussion Topic 3: Cardiovascular System
Clinical Case: ER Trauma – Hemorrhage
During your clinical rotation in the ER, a patient in a car accident arrives and is experiencing hemorrhaging from injuries sustained during the accident. From your studies of cardiovascular physiology, you know that hemorrhage is a serious, life-threatening situation for a patient due to its impact on MAP.
Discuss the following:
- Beginning with your understanding that MAP = CO x TPR, which variable in this formula is directly decreased by the loss of blood during a hemorrhage? Remember that this variable is the direct reason why MAP decreases.
- For the variable from part B, discuss the mechanism (list the steps with bullet points) which leads to the decreased MAP.
- Reflex Arc: Compensatory mechanisms – discuss the body’s reflex compensatory mechanisms for the following MAP components which are initiated to try and keep MAP from decreasing any further: (*remember: identify the effector(s), inputs, and responses)
(i) CO: HR
(ii) CO: SV
(iii) TPR
Discussion Topic 3: Cardiovascular System Answer
- MAP = CO x TPR is Mean arterial pressure = Cardiac output x Total peripheral resistance. What is directly affected by blood loss is the the cardiac output, because the venous pressure is decreased or falls.
This question is taken from Physiology 001 – Introduction to Human Physiology » Summer 2021 » Discussions